• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The perforation gun end protectors, including the male end protectors and the female end protectors, comprise both a polymer component and a metal component. Male end protectors and female end protectors conform to the packing and shipping rules for shipping perforation gun protectors with installed loads. The male end protectors and female end protectors of the invention are less expensive, reduce overall weight, and offer additional safety advantages over traditional metal male end protectors and metal end protectors traditional. The polymer component is configured to melt in a deflagration situation, thereby venting the perforation gun to prevent pressure build-up.
    公开号:FR3074832A1
    申请号:FR1858718
    申请日:2018-09-25
    公开日:2019-06-14
    发明作者:Lewis Douglas Box；Marie Orpah Mills；Christopher C. Hoelscher；G. Harrington Nicholas；Amando Duputel
    申请人:Halliburton Energy Services Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    END PROTECTORS FOR JET PERFORATION GUNS
    TECHNICAL AREA
    This invention relates, in general, to equipment used in conjunction with operations in underground production and injection wells and, in particular, to end protectors for protecting the ends of jet puncture guns.
    CONTEXT
    Without limiting the scope of the present invention, its context will be described with reference to transport equipment used to produce a fluid from an underground formation containing hydrocarbons, for example.
    When completing a well passing through an underground formation containing hydrocarbons, perforation cannons or drill pipe rod trains are commonly used to facilitate the extraction of energy resources from the underground formation. Punch guns can be lowered into a well to induce and control underground explosions to horizontally widen vertical wellbore or to widen horizontal wellbore. Punch guns can be assembled to create a drill cannon rod train.
    The transportation of punch cannons with shaped charges is governed by government standards and generally requires a metal-type end cap, metal shield or cover to protect the ends of the punch cannons during shipping. Punch guns that do not have installed shaped charges do not require a metal cap during shipping.
    As a result, it appeared necessary to reduce the material costs of the end protectors used when shipping perforation guns, while respecting government safety standards, such as packing instruction US 1 (49 CFR § 173.62) for the transport of perforation cannons with installed shaped charges.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    For a more complete understanding of the characteristics and advantages of the present invention, reference is now made to the detailed description and to the appended figures in which the corresponding figures in the various figures relate to the corresponding parts and in which:
    FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an example of a jet perforation cannon with end protectors according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 2A is a perspective view of a female end protector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 2B is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2A;
    Figure 2C is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2A, showing additional details; having threads on an outer surface and an O-ring;
    Figure 2D is a cross-sectional view of Figure 2A, showing further additional details having friction projections on an outer surface instead of threads;
    FIGS. 2E to 2G are illustrations of examples of installation assistance mechanisms for female end protectors according to embodiments of the present invention;
    Figure 3A is a perspective view of a male end protector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3A;
    Figure 3C is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3A, showing additional details including threads on an inner surface;
    Figure 3D is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3A, showing further additional details having friction projections in place of threads on an interior surface;
    FIGS. 3E to 3G are illustrations of examples of installation assistance mechanisms for male end protectors according to embodiments of the present invention;
    Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a male end protector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a female protector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 6A is a cross-sectional view of a male end protector and a first fastening mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 6B is a cross-sectional view of a male end protector and a second fastening mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
    Figure 7A shows male ends configured at both ends of a jet puncture gun;
    Figure 7B shows female ends configured at both ends of the jet punch cannon; and
    FIG. 8 is an illustration of an example of completion of wells using jet perforation guns.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    Although apparatuses, methods and embodiments are described in detail below, it should be noted that the present invention provides many applicable inventive concepts, which can be incorporated in a wide variety of specific contexts. The specific embodiments discussed here are illustrative and do not limit the scope of the present invention. The term "approximately" here means less than 10%, unless the context indicates otherwise. CFR is the abbreviation for Code of Fédéral Régulation (Code of Federal Regulation).
    Referring initially to Figure 1, the jet puncture barrel 100 comprises a generally elongated cylindrical tube having a body with a first end 105, called the male end, and a second end 110, called the female end, and comprising an outer housing 108. Alternatively, the jet punch cannon 100 may be configured with a male end both at the first end 105 and at the second end 110, or with female ends at both the first end 105 and at the second end 110, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. A male end has threads 140 configured around the outer circumference of the end of the jet cannon. A female end has threads 145 configured on an inner circumferential surface of one end of the perforation barrel. The jet punch cannon 100 includes a charge tube assembly 112 which includes a plurality of charge tube centralizers 116 to facilitate positioning of the charge tube assembly 112 in the outer housing 108. The charge tube assembly 112 may include one or more charges formed 130a, 130b. The charges formed 130A, 130B are shown aligned with the respective notches 125a, 125b. The notches 125a, 125b are recesses in the outer housing 108 adjacent to the shaped charges 130A, 130B. During the detonation of the charge formed during the completion of the well, the profile of the notches 125a, 125b reduces the external burrs created when the perforation jets exit from the external housing 108, thus reducing the risk of blockage or deterioration when the perforation cannon is extracted from a borehole.
    At the first end 105, a male end protector 200 is shown at the covering end 105, thereby preventing dust and water vapor from entering the interior of the jet puncture barrel 100 through an opening at the first end 105. The threads 140 configured circumferentially at the first end 105 around the outer surface of the outer housing 108 are configured to receive the male end protector 200 around it. A metal component or a metal compound component such as a metal insert 135 is configured as part of the male end protector 200 to meet government standards, as discussed in more detail below.
    At the second end 110, a female end protector 120 is shown inserted into and inside an opening at the second end 110 inside the outer housing 108 of the jet puncture barrel 100 , thereby preventing dust and water vapor from entering the interior of the jet perforation barrel 100 at the second end 110. The threads 145 configured circumferentially at the second end 110 around the inner surface of the outer housing 108 are configured to receive the female end protector 120. A metal component or a metal compound component such as a metal insert 142 is configured as part of the female end protector 120 to meet government standards, as described in more detail below.
    The male end protector 200 and the female end protector 120 can be designed in different sizes to accommodate a wide range of jet punch cannons of different sizes 100. That is, the circumference male end protector 200 and female end protector 120 may vary in embodiments and a particular size selected within a circumference range of from about 1 inch to about 11 inches to fit a cannon jet 100 of a circumference of a particular size.
    With reference to FIGS. 2A to 2D, a female end protector 120 comprises a circular body 122 and a metal insert 142. The circular body 122 may have a tubular shape. The body may include a polymer or a compound used in the manufacture of various plastics, such as, for example, polyethylene. Body 122 can be impact resistant from about 40 ° C to about 90 ° C. In some embodiments, body 122 may have a melting point of from about 150 ° F to about 250 ° F, but may vary depending on the specific compound used. In some embodiments, the material of the body 122 can be selected such that a melting temperature is in the range of about 200 ° F to about 250 ° F. In addition, a polymer body 122 provides a less expensive component compared to a traditional metallic female end protector.
    The circular body 122 has a central wall 170 configured to separate a first concave part 160 at a first end of the circular body 122 and a second concave part 165 at a second end of the circular body 122. The first concave part 160 is defined by a first circular wall 121 extending outwards from the wall 170 which also forms a bottom of the concave part 160. The second concave part 165 being defined by a second circular wall 175 extending towards the exterior from the wall 170, opposite to a direction of the first circular wall 121, the wall 170 also forms a bottom of the concave part 165. The circular body 122, comprising the first circular wall 121 and the second circular wall 175, may have an outer circumference sized to fit inside the second end 110 of the jet perforation guns 100. The first by oi circular 121 can be configured with an installation assistance mechanism 155 such as one or more notches, slots, holes, slots, notches, edges, valleys which can be configured to allow a tool to be temporarily connected to activate or deactivate the female end protector 120 on the jet perforation barrel 100. The installation assistance mechanism 155 may also include one or more protrusions or recess features to allow the interconnection of tool, or manual rotation, of the female end protector 120.
    The metal insert 142 is configured in size to be coupled to the second circular wall 175. The metal insert 142 is circular in shape and has a circular zone substantially sufficient to separate, cover or block the circular body 122 from the interior chambers, including including the charge tube assembly 112, of the jet perforation barrel 100. The circular zone is substantially sufficient to separate, cover or block the circular body 122 of the interior chambers in order to prevent humidity, gases, dust or other environmental factors from entering the interior rooms. The metal insert 142 can be formed to have a concave shape with a circular wall 195 extending from the bottom 146 of the concave shape, the circular wall 195 having a circumferential size sufficient to allow the metal insert 142 to be held in place by friction with the interior surface 168 of the second circular wall 175. A lip 147 formed in the circular wall 195 can bend 169 outwards around a terminal edge of the circular wall 195 towards the threads 145 of the outer housing 108, the threads 145 being configured circumferentially at the second end 110 around the inner surface of the outer housing 108.
    Adhesive 172 may be applied to help hold the metal insert 142 on the interior surface 168 of the second circular wall 175. An attachment mechanism such as threads 167 may be configured along the exterior surface of the second circular wall 175 to allow engagement of the corresponding threads 145 of the jet punch cannon 100. Alternatively, instead of the threads 167, as shown in Figure 2D, the attachment mechanism may include a plurality of projections 180 configured along the outer surface of the second circular wall 175 to allow the female end protector 120 to be held and held by friction inside the jet perforation barrel 100. In the embodiment of FIG. 2D, the protector d the female end 120 can be pushed into or turned in the jet puncture barrel 100. The female end protector 120 can be removed when the c anon perforation jet 100 is ready to be lowered into a wellbore.
    When the female end protector 120 is installed, the metallic insert 142 comprising the lip 147, the wall 195 and the bottom 146 provides a metallic safety characteristic as required by document US 1, 49 CFR § 173.62. The metal insert 142 completely isolates the interior of the jet perforation gun 100 having charges installed 130a, 130b at the second end 110 for transport from the external environment.
    The body 122 comprising a polymer allows an additional safety characteristic. If the interior of the jet puncture barrel 100 should be compromised, for example, being subjected to high temperatures due to fire or other event during transport, the polymer or similar compound of the body may melt, allowing the metal insert 142 to be released, at least in part, opening a passage from the internal areas of the jet perforation barrel 100 allowing the internal pressures of the second end 110 to be released. This melting of the body 122, or of a part of it, causing the release of the metal insert 142 may be sufficient to prevent accidental detonation of the charges 130a, 130b.
    In one embodiment, a low melting temperature alloy or a eutectic alloy can be used as all or part of the metal insert 142 of the female end protector 120. The alloy can comprise all or part of the following elements, in any combination: bismuth, lead, tin, zinc, silver, cadmium, stainless steel or other metals, the alloy having a melting temperature between 150 ° F and 800 ° F. Glass or ceramics can also be used in place of metal with other metals with eutectic properties. In some embodiments, the alloy of the metal insert 142 may have a melting temperature between about 200 ° F and about 700 ° F. In some embodiments, the alloy of the metal insert 142 may have a melting temperature between about 250 ° F and about 600 ° F. In yet other embodiments, the alloy of the metal insert 142 may have a melting temperature between about 300 ° F and about 650 ° F.
    As shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the body 122 can have a part 180 of the first circular wall 121 which has a circumference greater than the circumference of the wall 170. In addition, the part 172 of the first circular wall can have a circumference greater than the circumference of the second circular wall 175. A circumferential channel 185 can be configured around the external surface 172 of the first circular wall 121 and configured to receive an O-ring 150. The O-ring serves to seal with the inner wall of the outer housing 108 when the female end protector 120 is inserted into the opening at the second end 110 to prevent moisture and dust from entering the jet perforation barrel 100. The O-ring 150 can come into contact and seal against the threads 145.
    FIGS. 2E to 2G illustrate examples of installation assistance mechanisms for a female end protector. The first circular wall 121 can be configured with an installation assistance mechanism such as one or more holes 190, one or more notches 191 or one or more raised projections 192. A tool can be used in conjunction with the mechanisms of installation aid to rotate the female end protector in or out of a jet punch cannon. In certain applications, the circular wall 121 may not be configured with an installation assistance mechanism.
    Referring now to Figures 3 A to 3D, a male end protector 200 is shown as having a first circular wall 210 extending from the central wall 235 forming a cavity 260 therein at a first end 221 of the connector male end protector 222. The male end protector 200 may have a generally tubular shape. An installation assistance mechanism 255, such as one or more notches, slots, holes, notches, edges, valleys, can be configured in the first circular wall 210 to allow a tool to be inserted therein. ci to activate or deactivate the male end protector 200 on the jet perforation barrel 100 at the end 105. The installation assistance mechanism 255 may also include one or more protrusions or recess characteristics to allow tool interconnection, or manual rotation, of the male end connector 200.
    A second circular wall 223, extending from the wall 235 in a direction opposite to the direction of the first wall 210, defines a recessed cavity 227 inside thereof at a second end 222 of the protector d male end 200. The cavity 227 is delimited by the internal surface 228 of the second circular wall 223. The second circular wall 223 may have a first part 215, a second part 220 and a third part 226 each having a different wall thickness and, therefore, different internal circumferences. The first part 215 is configured to be thinner than the second part 220 and the second part 220 is configured to be thinner than the third part 226. As shown in FIGS. 3C and 3D, the second part 220 can have a fixing mechanism such as threads 225 or a plurality of projections 226 configured on the inner surface of the second part 220 as part of the second part and the same material for fixing the male end protector 200 to the cannon jet 100 at the end 105. The fixing mechanism such as the threads 225 or the plurality of projections 226 can come into contact with the threads 140 of the external surface of the jet perforation barrel 100 at the level of the end 105 to hold the male end connector 200 on the jet puncture barrel 100.
    A metal insert 205 having a flat surface roughly identical to a radial cross-sectional area defined by the interior surface 228 is configured to be positioned near or against the wall 235 at the surface 230. The metal insert 205 can be configured with a lip 240 which also snaps against the inner surface 228. When the male end protector 200 is installed, the metal insert 205 provides a metallic safety characteristic as required by document US 1, 49 CFR § 173.62. The metal insert 205 completely isolates the interior of the jet perforation cannon 100 having charges installed 130a, 130b, at the level of the first end 105 for transport.
    The first circular wall 210, the second circular wall 223 comprising the fixing mechanism such as the threads 225 or the projections 226 and the wall 235 comprise a polymer or a compound used in the manufacture of various plastics, such as, for example, polyethylene. The first circular wall 210, the second circular wall 223, the wall 235 can be impact resistant from about -40 ° C to about 90 ° C. In some embodiments, the first circular wall 210, the second circular wall 223 and the wall 235 may have a melting point of from about 150 ° F to about 250 ° F, but they may vary depending on the specific compound used. In some embodiments, the material of the first circular wall 210, the second circular wall 223 and the wall 235 can be chosen so that a melting temperature is in a range of about 200 ° F to about 250 ° F. In addition, the first circular wall 210, the second circular wall 223 and the wall 235 comprising a polymer or a related compound provide a less expensive component compared to a traditional metallic male end protector.
    As a safety feature, similar to the safety feature aspect of the female end protector 120, if the interior of the jet punch cannon 100 were to be compromised, for example, being subjected to high temperatures due to a fire or other event during transport, the polymer or similar compound comprising at least one of the first circular wall 210, of the second circular wall 223, comprising a fixing mechanism such as threads 225 or projections 226 , and the wall 235 would melt, allowing the metal insert 205 to become free, at least in part, opening a passage from the internal areas of the jet perforation barrel 100 allowing to release the internal pressures of the first end 105 Any melting causing the release of the metal insert 205 may be sufficient to prevent accidental detonation of the charges 130a, 130b.
    In embodiments, a low melting temperature alloy or a eutectic alloy can be used as all or part of the metal insert 205 of the male end protector 200. The alloy can comprise all or part of the following elements, alone or in any combination: bismuth, lead, tin, silver, stainless steel, zinc, cadmium or other metals, the alloy having a melting temperature between 150 ° F and 800 ° F. Glass or ceramics can also be used in place of metal with other metals with eutectic properties.
    In some embodiments, the alloy of the metal insert 205 may have a melting temperature between about 200 ° F and about 700 ° F. In other embodiments, the alloy of the metal insert 205 may have a melting temperature between about 250 ° F and about 600 ° F. In yet other embodiments, the alloy of the metal insert 205 can have a melting temperature between about 300 ° F and about 650 ° F.
    Figures 3E to 3G are illustrations of examples of installation assistance mechanisms for a male end protector. The circular wall 210 can be configured with an installation assistance mechanism such as one or more holes 290, one or more notches 291 or one or more raised projections 292. A tool can be used in conjunction with the mechanisms installation aid for rotating the male end protector in or out of a jet punch cannon. In certain embodiments, the circular wall 210 may not be configured with an installation assistance mechanism.
    Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a male end protector 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Alternatively, the male end connector of Figure 4 may have the same general shape as Figures 3A and 3B. The male end protector 400 can be configured with a circular wall 410a and an end 410b enclosing a cavity therein similar to the cavity 227 in Figure 3B. The end 410b can also be configured with a shape similar to the wall 210 comprising notches or notches 255 in FIG. 3B. However, the circular wall 410a and the end 410b comprise a metal, a metallic compound or a metallic alloy. In some embodiments, the circular wall 410a and the end 410b include a metal alloy having a low melting temperature alloy or a eutectic alloy. The metal or alloy can comprise all or part of the following elements, in any combination: bismuth, lead, tin, zinc, silver, cadmium, stainless steel or other metals, the alloy having a melting temperature between 150 ° F and 800 ° F. Glass or ceramics can also be used in place of metal with other metals with eutectic properties. In some embodiments, the alloy may have a melting temperature between about 200 ° F and about 700 ° F. In other embodiments, the alloy may have a melting temperature between about 250 ° F and about 600 ° F. In yet other embodiments, the alloy can have a melting temperature between about 300 ° F and about 650 ° F.
    The male end protector 400 includes a fixing mechanism such as protrusions or threads 405 configured on or around the inner circumference of the circular wall 410a. The fastening mechanism such as protrusions or threads 405 comprises a polymer or a compound used in the manufacture of various plastics, such as, for example, polyethylene. The fixing mechanism makes it possible to fix and remove the male end protector 400 from the jet perforation barrel 100 at the level of the end 105. However, the fixing mechanism such as protrusions or threads 405 provides a characteristic of additional security. If the interior of the jet perforation barrel 100 should be compromised, for example, being subjected to high temperatures as a result of fire or other event during transport, the polymer or similar compound of the fixing mechanism can melt, opening a passage from the internal zones of the jet perforation barrel 100 along the circular wall 410a making it possible to release the internal pressures of the first end 105. This melting of the fixing mechanism, such as projections or 405 nets, may be sufficient to prevent accidental detonation of charges 130a, 130b, thereby providing improved safety performance. The metal or metal alloy of the circular wall 410a and the end fixing mechanism 410b 405 provide a metallic safety characteristic as required by US 1, 49 CFR § 173.62, but with improved safety performance.
    With reference to FIG. 5, a female protector 500 is provided for certain types of jet perforation guns. A wall 530 of a jet perforation cannon is configured with a channel 535 around the inner surface of the wall 530 near a female end of a jet perforation cannon. A charge tube assembly 112 is shown as being configured inside the jet perforation barrel. An attachment mechanism such as the polymer insert 505 is configured to hold a metal insert such as a metal disc 515 with a portion 510 of the polymer insert 505 surrounding the outer edges of the metal disc 515 and around the outer circumference of the metal disc and hold the metal disc 515 vertically with respect to the wall 530. The polymer insert 505 and the metal disc assembly held 515 are inserted into the jet perforation barrel so that the polymer insert 510 is positioned close or against the load tube assembly 112. An elastic ring 520 is inserted in the channel, thus holding the polymer insert 505 and the metal disc assembly 515 fixedly fixed against the load tube assembly 112. The ring elastic 520 is not a solid component, so gas passage through it is allowed. The elastic ring 520 can be configured with holes in the center or at other locations. The elastic ring 520 can comprise a metal. The metal disc 515 can be an alloy or a eutectic alloy. The alloy may include all or part of the following elements, in any combination: bismuth, lead, tin, silver, zinc, cadmium or other metals, the alloy having a melting temperature between 150 ° F and 800 ° F. Glass or ceramics can also be used in place of metal with other metals with eutectic properties. In some embodiments, the alloy may have a melting temperature between about 200 ° F and about 700 ° F. In other embodiments, the alloy may have a melting temperature between about 250 ° F and about 600 ° F. In yet other embodiments, the alloy can have a melting temperature between about 300 ° F and about 650 ° F. The metal disc 515 can comprise a metal, a metallic compound or a metallic alloy.
    The polymer insert 505 can be impact resistant from about -40 ° C to about 90 ° C. In some embodiments, the polymer insert 505 may have a melting point of from about 150 ° F to about 250 ° F, but may vary depending on the specific polymer used. In some embodiments, the polymer insert 505 can be selected such that a melting temperature is in the range of about 200 ° F to about 250 ° F. In addition, the polymer insert 505, in combination with a metal disc 515 and an elastic ring 520, provides a lower cost solution with improved safety performance compared to a traditional metal female end protector.
    If the interior of the jet punch cannon 100 were to be compromised, for example, being subjected to high temperatures due to fire or other event during transport, the polymer insert 505 would melt, probably at or near the part 510 of the polymer insert 505, but may be any part of the polymer insert 505, thus opening a passage from the internal zones of the past jet perforation cannon or through the elastic ring 520 allowing the pressures internal to be released from the first end 105. This melting of the polymer insert 505 may be sufficient to prevent accidental detonation of the charges 130a, 130b. The metal disc 515 provides a metallic safety characteristic as required by US 1, 49 CFR § 173.62, and with the polymer insert 505 they also provide improved safety performance.
    Referring to Figures 6A and 6B, a male end protector 600 is shown as having a circular polymeric wall 615 extending from the wall 610 forming a cavity 630 sized to be inserted 630 around a male end of a jet perforation cannon 100, such as one end 105. The threads 140 are configured at the end of the perforation cannon. A polymeric attachment mechanism 620 which may be protrusions or threads is formed on the inner surface 635 to hold the male end connector 600 on the male end of the jet punch barrel, while allowing the protector to be easily removed. male end.
    The male end protector 600 can also be configured in a form similar to the male end protector 200, with polymeric characteristics such as, for example, one or more notches or notches 255 which can be configured in the first wall 210, the second circular wall 223, which may have a first part 215, a second part 220 and a third part 226 each having a different wall thickness.
    An attachment mechanism 625 provides additional attachment of the male end protector to the male end of the jet puncture barrel 100. The attachment mechanism 625 may include a worm clamp arranged around the circumference of the male end 600 for easy tightening or release. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 6B, the attachment mechanism 625 may include one or more adjustment screws 626 disposed around the circumference of the male end protector 600 for easy tightening or release. In certain embodiments, only the fixing mechanism 625 is necessary to fix the characteristic of male end protector in the jet perforation barrel, without requiring a polymer fixing mechanism 620.
    The metal insert 605 is configured near or adjacent to the base 618 of the cavity 630 and can be molded into the wall 610 to fix it in place or, alternatively, held in place by an adhesive inserted along the base 618. The metallic insert 605 has a sufficient surface to cover or substantially block the male end of the jet perforation barrel 100. The metallic insert 605 can be a metal, a eutectic metal, a metallic compound or an alloy metallic comprising all or part of the following elements, in any combination: bismuth, lead, tin, zinc, stainless steel, silver, cadmium, with the metal or alloy having a melting temperature included between 150 ° F and 800 ° F.
    In some embodiments, the alloy of the metal insert 142 may have a melting temperature between about 200 ° F and about 700 ° F. In other embodiments, the alloy of the metal insert 605 may have a melting temperature between about 250 ° F and about 600 ° F. In yet other embodiments, the alloy of the metal insert 605 may have a melting temperature between about 300 ° F and about 650 ° F.
    The polymeric circular wall 615 and the polymeric fixing mechanism 620 can be impact resistant from about -40 ° C to about 90 ° C. In some embodiments, the polymeric circular wall 615 and the polymeric attachment mechanism 620 may have a melting point of from about 150 ° F to about 250 ° F, but may vary depending on the specific polymer used. In some embodiments, the polymeric circular wall 615 and the polymeric attachment mechanism 620 can be chosen such that a melting temperature is in the range of about 200 ° F to about 250 ° F. In addition, the circular polymer wall 615 and the polymer fixing mechanism 620 in combination with a metal insert 605 offer a lower cost solution for a metal security characteristic according to document US 1, 49 CFR § 173.62 with improved security performance. compared to a traditional metallic male end protector.
    Figure 7A shows male ends configured at both ends of a jet puncture gun 100a. Male end protectors of Figures 3A to 3D, 4, 6A and 6B can be used at both ends of the jet puncture gun 100a. Figure 7B shows female ends configured at both ends of the jet punch cannon 100b. Female end protectors of FIGS. 2A to 2d and 5 can be used on each of the jet perforation guns 100b.
    Referring to FIG. 8, in this illustrative example, a drill string 710 of jet perforation guns 100 is shown lowered 730 into well 705 on a drilling site 700. All the female end protectors and protectors d the male end have already been removed from the jet perforation cannons 100 after transporting the jet perforation cannons 100 with preloaded charges to the drilling site 700. The coupler 720 is shown connecting a first jet perforation cannon with a second jet perforation cannon. The coupler 720 receives the male end of the first jet perforation cannon 100 and connects to the female end of the second jet perforation cannon 100. Upon detonation, the underground formation 715 receives the lateral explosive forces 725 to fracture underground formation 715 in order to promote the flow of hydrocarbons.
    Glass or ceramics can be used in place of the metal inserts or metal discs described here. Glass or ceramics can also be used in place of metal, but comprising a glass or ceramic compound with other metals having low melting properties or other eutectic properties to form a metallic compound. The low melting properties would be a melting temperature between about 200 ° F and about 700 ° F; about 250 ° F and about 600 ° F; or between about 300 ° F and about 650 ° F.
    The metal inserts or metal discs described here can be stamped, dumped, machined or cast. The metal inserts or the metal discs can be glued, melted, chemically deposited on the polymer substrate or on the plastic material welded in place in the plastic or polymer net end protectors. In certain embodiments, the metal inserts or discs can have a circular or parabolic shape to radially block an opening near one end of a perforating barrel.
    The end protectors configured in accordance with the principles of the present invention protect the puncture barrel threads, are self-ventilating, protect the internal components of a puncture barrel from external contaminants such as dust and water and meet regulatory requirements. The polymer parts of the end protectors will melt as temperatures could rise in the event of a deflagration. This prevents the build-up of pressure in the cannon. End protectors are easy to install or remove.
    In aspects, the principles of the invention include:
    Clause 1: An end protector for a jet cannon comprising:
    a polymeric fixing mechanism configured to be in contact with a circumferential wall of a perforating barrel; and a metallic component or a metallic compound component coupled to the polymeric fixing mechanism and dimensioned to block an opening of one end of the perforating barrel to protect the internal components of the perforating barrel from external contaminants.
    Clause 2: The end protector according to clause 1, in which the polymeric fixing mechanism is configured to come into contact with threads configured around the circumferential wall of the perforation barrel.
    Clause 3: The end protector according to clauses 1 or 2, wherein the polymeric fixing mechanism comprises threads or a plurality of projections to engage the circumferential wall of the perforating barrel, the threads or a plurality of protrusions meltable to allow ventilation of an interior of the perforation barrel in the event of deflagration to prevent or reduce the build-up of pressure in the perforation barrel.
    Clause 4: The end protector according to clauses 1, 2 or 3, in which the circumferential wall comprises an outer circular wall, and the end protector comprises a male end protector.
    Clause 5: The end protector according to clauses 1, 2 or 3, wherein the circumferential wall includes an inner circular wall, and the end protector includes a female end protector.
    Clause 6: The end protector according to any one of clauses 1 to 5, wherein the metallic compound component comprises glass or ceramic, in combination with a metal having a melting temperature between 150 ° F and 800 ° F.
    Clause 7: The end protector according to any one of clauses 1 to 6, further comprising an adhesive for holding the metallic component or the metallic compound component on the polymeric fixing mechanism.
    Clause 8: The end protector according to any one of clauses 1 to 7, wherein the metal component or the metal compound component comprises a eutectic alloy or a low temperature molten metal, the metal component or the metallic compound having a melting point between 150 ° F and 800 ° F.
    Clause 9: The end protector according to one of clauses 1 to 8, in which the metallic component or the metallic compound component comprises one or more of the following elements, in any combination: bismuth, lead, tin, zinc, silver, cadmium or stainless steel.
    Clause 10: The end protector according to any one of clauses 1 to 9, wherein the metallic component or the metallic compound component comprises a metallic disc, in which the polymeric fixing mechanism surrounds the metallic disc, further comprising an elastic ring configured to snap into a channel of the perforating barrel to hold the polymeric fixing mechanism and the metal disc in the perforating barrel.
    Clause 11: The end protector according to any one of clauses 1 to 10, in which the metal disc, the metallic component or the metallic compound is stamped, poured, machined or cast.
    Clause 12: The end protector according to any one of clauses 1 to 9, in which the metallic component or the metallic compound component is bonded, melted or chemically deposited on the polymer fixing mechanism.
    Clause 13: The end protector according to any one of clauses 1 to
    12, further comprising at least one installation aid mechanism configured near one end of the polymeric fixing mechanism to receive a tool to facilitate the insertion or removal of the end protector at one end of the perforation barrel, the installation assistance mechanism comprises at least one notch, at least one notch, at least one edge, at least one valley or at least one hole.
    Clause 14: The end protector according to any one of clauses 1 to
    13, wherein the polymeric fixing mechanism includes a circular body having a first end and a second end and configured to engage the circumferential wall of the perforating barrel, the circular body having a central polymeric wall configured to separate a first portion concave and a second concave part, the first concave part formed by a first circular polymer wall extending from the central wall, and the second concave part formed by a second circular polymer wall extending from the central polymer wall, the metallic component or the metallic compound component comprises an insert and is held in place on one of the concave parts near and parallel to the central polymer wall.
    Clause 15: A method of providing an end protector for a wellbore barrel, comprising:
    forming a polymeric attachment mechanism configured to contact or attach to a circular wall of a perforating barrel; and coupling a metallic component or a metallic compound component to the polymeric fixing mechanism, the metallic component or the metallic compound component being dimensioned to block an opening near an end of the perforating barrel to protect the internal components of the perforating barrel of external contaminants.
    Clause 16: The method according to clause 15, wherein the formation of the polymeric attachment mechanism includes configuring threads or a plurality of protrusions to engage threads configured around a circumference of the circular wall, the threads or the plurality of protrusions of the polymeric fixing mechanism which can melt to allow ventilation of an interior of the perforating barrel in the event of deflagration in order to prevent or reduce the accumulation of pressures in the perforating barrel.
    Clause 17: The method according to clauses 15 or 16, wherein the metal compound component comprises glass or ceramic in combination with a metal having a melting temperature between 150 ° F and 800 ° F.
    Clause 18: The process according to clauses 15, 16 or 17, in which the metallic component or metallic compound component comprises a eutectic alloy or a molten metal at low temperature, having a melting point between 150 ° F and 800 ° F.
    Clause 19: The method according to any one of clauses 15 to 18, further comprising the configuration of at least one installation assistance mechanism at one end of the polymeric fixing mechanism to receive a facilitating tool inserting or removing the end shield at one end of the cannon.
    Clause 20: The method according to clause 19, in which the installation assistance mechanism comprises at least one notch, at least one notch, at least one edge, at least one valley or at least one hole.
    The embodiments presented here are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope of the disclosure. It will be understood that many other modifications and improvements of the present invention can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. End protector (120, 200) for a jet perforation cannon (100) comprising:
    a polymeric fixing mechanism (122) configured to be in contact with a circumferential wall of a perforating barrel; and a metal component (142) or a metal compound component coupled to the polymeric fixing mechanism (122) and dimensioned to block an opening of one end of the cannon (100) to protect the internal components of the cannon from contaminants external.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. An end protector (120, 200) according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric fixing mechanism (122) is configured to come into contact with threads (145) configured around the circumferential wall of the perforating barrel (100 ), and optionally, wherein the polymeric attachment mechanism (122) includes threads or a plurality of protrusions (180) for engaging with the circumferential wall of the perforating barrel (100), the threads or a plurality of protrusions ( 180) that can melt to allow ventilation of an interior of the perforation barrel in the event of deflagration to prevent or reduce the build-up of pressure in the perforation barrel.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. End protector (200) according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the circumferential wall comprises an outer circular wall, and the end protector comprises a male end protector (200).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. End protector (120) according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the circumferential wall comprises an inner circular wall and the end protector comprises a female end protector (120).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. An end protector (120, 200) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the metal compound component comprises glass or ceramic, in combination with a metal having a melting temperature between 150 ° F and 800 ° F.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    The end protector (120, 200) according to any of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an adhesive to hold the metal component (142) or the metal compound component on the polymeric attachment mechanism (122) , and optionally, wherein the metal component (142) or the metal compound component comprises a eutectic alloy or a metal molten at low temperature, the metal component or the metal compound component having a melting point of between 150 ° F and 800 ° F.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. End protector (120, 200) according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which the metallic component (142) or the metallic compound component comprises one or more of the following elements, according to any combination: bismuth, lead, tin, zinc, silver, cadmium or stainless steel, and optionally, wherein the metal component (142) or the metal compound component comprises a metal disc, the mechanism for polymeric fixation (122) surrounding the metal disc, further comprising an elastic ring (520) configured to snap into a channel of the perforation barrel (100) to hold the polymeric fixation mechanism and the metal disc in the perforation barrel .
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. End protector (120, 200) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the metal disc, the metal component or the metal compound is stamped, poured, machined or cast.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. End protector (120, 200) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the metal component or the metal compound component is bonded, melted or chemically deposited on the polymeric fixing mechanism (122).
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. End protector (120, 200) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising at least one installation assistance mechanism (155) configured near one end of the fixing mechanism polymer (122) for receiving a tool facilitating the insertion or removal of the end protector (120, 200) at one end of the perforation barrel (100), the installation assistance mechanism (155 ) includes at least one notch, at least one notch, at least one edge, at least one valley or at least one hole.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. An end protector (120, 200) according to any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the polymeric fixing mechanism (122) comprises a circular body having a first end and a second end and configured to engage with the circumferential wall of the perforating barrel (100), the circular body having a central polymer wall (170) configured to separate a first concave part (160) and a second concave part (165), the first concave part formed by a first circular polymer wall extending from the central wall (170), and the second concave part formed by a second circular polymer wall extending from the central polymer wall (170), the metal part (142) the component or the component of metal compound comprises an insert and is held in place on one of the concave parts close to and parallel to the central polymer wall (170).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. A method of providing an end protector for a wellbore cannon (100), comprising:
    forming a polymeric attachment mechanism (122) configured to contact or attach to a circular wall of a puncture barrel (100); and coupling a metallic component (142) or a metallic compound component to the polymeric fixing mechanism (122), the metallic component or the metallic compound component being dimensioned to block an opening near an end of the perforation barrel (100) to protect the internal components of the perforation barrel from external contaminants.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    The method of claim 12, wherein forming the polymeric attachment mechanism (122) includes configuring threads or a plurality of protrusions (180) to engage threads configured around a circumference of the circular wall, the threads or plurality of protrusions (180) of the polymeric fixing mechanism can melt to allow ventilation of an interior of the perforating barrel in the event of deflagration in order to prevent or reduce the accumulation of pressures in the perforation barrel (100).
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. The method according to claims 12 or 13, in which the metal compound component comprises glass or ceramic in combination with a metal having a melting temperature between 150 ° F and 800 ° F, and
    Optionally, wherein the metal component or metal compound component comprises a eutectic alloy or a metal molten at low temperature, having a melting point between 150 ° F and 800 ° F.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 14,
    10 further comprising the configuration of at least one installation assistance mechanism (155) at one end of the polymeric fixing mechanism (122) for receiving a tool facilitating the insertion or removal of the protective device end at one end of the perforation barrel (100), and optionally, in which the installation assistance mechanism (155) comprises at least one notch, at least one notch, at least one
    15 ridge, at least one valley or at least one hole.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    FR3074832A1|2019-06-14|END PROTECTORS FOR JET PUNCHING GUNS
    EP2926028B1|2016-12-14|Clippable shutter with a deflector skirt for a steering housing
    FR2545531A1|1984-11-09|SHEAR INSERTED PART NOT PASSING FOR A WELL LOCK
    FR2640703A1|1990-06-22|DEVICE FOR FASTENING AN ELEMENT INTENDED TO CROSS A PARTITION
    FR2717880A1|1995-09-29|Joint containing springs in composite material.
    FR2661451A1|1991-10-31|UNDERWATER WELL.
    EP2707641A1|2014-03-19|Device and method for thermally insulating a region of connection of connection end fittings of two lagged underwater pipes
    FR2546603A1|1984-11-30|FITTING FOR LIGHT METAL PIPING WITH PLASTIC LINING
    EP3237789B1|2020-07-15|Tubular threaded-joint component with protector device
    EP1918594B1|2012-12-26|Guide fitting device for telescopic columns, in particular for lifting devices
    FR2509364A1|1983-01-14|ANTI-ABRASION SEAL AND APPLICATION TO THE PROTECTION OF A TUBULAR STRUCTURE
    FR2579288A1|1986-09-26|CLOSURE AND DEVICE FOR CLOSING A MANUALLY RELEASABLE DRAIN PORT
    FR2476204A1|1981-08-21|FLANGED SUSPENSION SYSTEM FOR SUSPENDING TUBING AND PUMPING COLUMNS IN OIL OR HIGH-PRESSURE GAS WELLS
    EP1710532A1|2006-10-11|Modular electro-pyrotechnic igniter with plastic half-shells
    EP0580222A1|1994-01-26|Branch coupling for a thermoplastic pipeline
    EP1649472B1|2010-10-27|Electromagnetic valve, method for attaching a solenoid to said electromagnetic valve, and method for detaching the solenoid from this electromagnetic valve
    FR2598774A1|1987-11-20|ELECTRICALLY INSULATED PIPE ASSEMBLY FOR METAL TUBES.
    EP3322927B1|2019-03-13|Improved anti-fire security valve
    FR2820191A1|2002-08-02|SEALING FOR ASSEMBLY OF TUBULAR ELEMENTS OF FLUID CIRCUITS
    EP2609942A1|2013-07-03|Device for checking the return of fluids built into a breast pump
    EP0100692A1|1984-02-15|Coupling for chimney pipes
    FR2680222A1|1993-02-12|Seal for a pressurised pipeline, and assembly between pipeline elements incorporating such a seal
    FR3064336A1|2018-09-28|DEVICE FOR SEALING BETWEEN TWO COAXIAL CONDUITS AND ASSEMBLY
    FR2982595A1|2013-05-17|Obturator for use in car, has flexible strips provided with projecting elements extending toward outer side, and projecting elements presenting two axial spacings with respect to thrust, where axial spacings are distinct from each other
    EP2110308B1|2010-12-01|Equipment storage container, in particular for a life raft, maintained in closed position by underpressure inside
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2019117861A1|2019-06-20|
    BR112020005581A2|2020-10-27|
    US20210079767A1|2021-03-18|
    GB202005906D0|2020-06-10|
    GB2581662A|2020-08-26|
    DE112017007876T5|2020-05-14|
    US11098562B2|2021-08-24|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4139005A|1977-09-01|1979-02-13|Dickey Gilbert C|Safety release pipe cap|
    WO2013162490A1|2012-04-22|2013-10-31|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Method and apparatus for expendable tubing-conveyed perforating gun|
    US1607430A|1926-02-16|1926-11-16|Harry C Brewster|Casing protector|
    US2627877A|1950-05-06|1953-02-10|Wedge Protectors Inc|Thread protector|
    US4157100A|1977-08-17|1979-06-05|John Turk|Thread protector device|
    US4534423A|1983-05-05|1985-08-13|Jet Research Center, Inc.|Perforating gun carrier and method of making|
    US4487228A|1983-12-19|1984-12-11|Shell Oil Company|Weather-resistant and self-draining thread protector|
    WO2000036322A2|1998-12-11|2000-06-22|Carrano Castro Angel Gabriel A|Metal protector for threaded extremities of well drilling tubes|
    US7281546B2|2003-04-11|2007-10-16|Hunting Energy Services, Inc.|Thread protection system with weather barrier|
    US7806035B2|2007-06-13|2010-10-05|Baker Hughes Incorporated|Safety vent device|
    WO2011037591A1|2009-09-28|2011-03-31|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Pipe conveyed extendable well logging tool with protector|
    US8443886B2|2010-08-12|2013-05-21|CCS Leasing and Rental, LLC|Perforating gun with rotatable charge tube|
    US8769795B2|2011-08-11|2014-07-08|Edward Cannoy Kash|Method for making a rust resistant well perforating gun with gripping surfaces|
    FR3027649A1|2014-10-24|2016-04-29|Vallourec Oil & Gas France|PROTECTOR FOR CONNECTING A TUBULAR COMPONENT|
    US20170298715A1|2016-03-09|2017-10-19|Taylor McConnell|Method and apparatus for adapting standard end cap assemblies of a perforating gun to function as tubing conveyed perforating end cap assemblies|
    WO2018030996A1|2016-08-09|2018-02-15|Goyeneche Sergio F|Apparatus and method for quick connect of a plurality of guns for well perforation|
    US10746003B2|2017-08-02|2020-08-18|Geodynamics, Inc.|High density cluster based perforating system and method|US10386168B1|2018-06-11|2019-08-20|Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg|Conductive detonating cord for perforating gun|
    US10458213B1|2018-07-17|2019-10-29|Dynaenergetics Gmbh & Co. Kg|Positioning device for shaped charges in a perforating gun module|
    US11225848B2|2020-03-20|2022-01-18|DynaEnergetics Europe GmbH|Tandem seal adapter, adapter assembly with tandem seal adapter, and wellbore tool string with adapter assembly|
    法律状态:
    2019-09-20| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20190920 |
    2019-09-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2021-06-11| ST| Notification of lapse|Effective date: 20210506 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    IBWOUS2017065771|2017-12-12|
    PCT/US2017/065771|WO2019117861A1|2017-12-12|2017-12-12|End protectors for jet perforating guns|
    [返回顶部]